Synthetic identity fraud (2024)

As the fastest-growing financial crime in the United States, synthetic identity fraud bears a staggering $6 billion cost to banks.1To perpetrate the crime, malicious actors leverage a combination of real and fake information to fabricate a synthetic identity, also known as a “Frankenstein ID.”2

It’s no secret that data breaches are increasing in prevalence—in fact, this year’s number of breaches could be record-breaking, according to a report by the Identity Theft Resource Center.3Fraudsters have taken advantage of this recent surge to obtain exposed personally identifiable information (PII), such as Social Security numbers (SSNs). Accompanied by a false name, address, and date of birth, these stolen SSNs can be used to apply for and build credit.

While the first application is typically rejected, this request creates a credit profile associated with the synthetic identity, legitimizing it from the perspective of other institutions. Repeated applications eventually lead to success for the fraudster, allowing them to secure lines of credit that they never intend to pay back.

Some immediately cash out on this opportunity, but oftentimes, there’s a long play in which the fraudster will use the account responsibly to slowly increase their credit limit. In time, they’ll enact a “bust-out” and proceed to max out the line of credit, abandoning the identity and leaving creditors with the responsibility of writing off the loss. This charge-off, on average, amounts to $15,000.4

Lenders, however, are not the only victims of synthetic identity fraud. The people who the stolen SSNs belong to experience ramifications, with many of these victims being children; a study by Carnegie Mellon’s CyLab found that children’s SSNs are 51 times more likely to be used in synthetic identity theft.5Other individuals who are unlikely to check their credit reports, such as the elderly and homeless populations, are also recurring targets.

The ability to create an unlimited number of identities, coupled with how challenging they are to detect, makes synthetic identity fraud a popular choice among cybercriminals. But despite its growing rate, synthetic identity fraud remains nearly impossible to flag during the application process.

If you’re interested in finding out why, check out the next installments of this series, where we’ll dive into what makes synthetic identity fraud so difficult to detect and how artificial intelligence and machine learning can be applied to detect this type of fraud.

Synthetic identity fraud (2024)

FAQs

What is the synthetic fraud score? ›

Recognize Synthetic Identity Fraud Risk

The risk score ranges from 001 – 998, where the lower the score, the lower the risk. up to six indicative fraud risk warning codes that pinpoint specific high-risk conditions to enable investigative teams to efficiently prioritize investigation and review queues.

How can synthetic ID fraud be prevented? ›

How to help protect against synthetic identity fraud
  1. Secure your SSN. Avoiding synthetic identity theft is all about protecting your personally identifiable information, especially your SSN. ...
  2. Use digital security software. ...
  3. Know the signs of phishing scams. ...
  4. Review your credit reports and monitor your credit scores.

What are the red flags for synthetic fraud? ›

High number of recent credit inquiries, which could indicate the fraudster is attempting to quickly build credit. Mismatch between the accountholder's age and duration of credit history. Inflation of credit file depth. Suspicious mailing address.

How do you detect synthetic fraud? ›

Leverage Digital Footprint Analysis

Online digital footprint analysis is designed to identify people without relying on ID documents or biometrics. It's a fantastic way to pre-screen for KYC checks, but also to instantly flag potential synthetic ID fraud.

How do I get my fraud score down? ›

As for number one this is relatively easy. Don't use any programs that automate your usage of the merchant's website (i.e scripts, botting), don't use a fake IP address as websites can easily detect which IP addresses belong to which VPN companies as well as detect addresses coming from the TOR network.

How is the fraud score calculated? ›

The calculation uses predetermined factors to identify attempts of fraud before they happen. Things like bot detection and address mismatch go into the fraud scoring system. While fraud scores work in real-time, sometimes manual review is required to prevent false positives in their machine learning algorithms.

How common is synthetic identity theft? ›

More research still indicates that nearly half (46%) of global organizations have experienced synthetic identity fraud in the past 12 months. The banking sector is most vulnerable, with nearly all (92%) of surveyed financial institutions perceiving synthetic identity fraud as a real threat to their business.

How do you detect ID fraud? ›

Here's what you can do to spot identity theft:
  1. Track what bills you owe and when they're due. If you stop getting a bill, that could be a sign that someone changed your billing address.
  2. Review your bills. ...
  3. Check your bank account statement. ...
  4. Get and review your credit reports.

What to do if you are a victim of synthetic identity theft? ›

If you believe you might be a victim of synthetic identity theft, here are five steps to help you recover:
  1. Check if your SSN is being used. ...
  2. Review your credit report for any unfamiliar activity — like new accounts, hard inquiries you didn't request, and incorrect information. ...
  3. Report the fraud.

What are examples of synthetic identity fraud? ›

For example, the synthetic may have a real, “shippable” address and the SSN may appear valid, but the SSN, name, and date of birth combination do not match with any one person.

What are the warning signs of synthetic identity theft? ›

21 Warning Signs of Identity Theft: How To Spot a Scammer
  • Unfamiliar charges on your bank statements.
  • New credit cards or loans in your name.
  • Fraud alerts from your bank or credit monitoring service.
  • Unfamiliar hard inquiries on your credit report.
  • You're denied new credit.
  • A sudden drop in your credit score.

Why is synthetic identity fraud more difficult to catch? ›

One reason that synthetic ID theft can be difficult to catch is that fraudsters may target individuals who don't use credit as often, such as children or the elderly.

Can banks spot fake IDs? ›

Fraud Prevention

By scanning IDs and detecting forgeries, banks can prevent criminals from gaining access to financial services and avoid losses due to fraud. In addition to preventing fraud, ID scanning and forgery detection can also help banks detect and prevent money laundering.

Can Onfido detect fake ID? ›

Combined with our SmartCapture SDK, which uses multiple signals through a device capture to check genuineness of a document, Onfido's document verification provides an advanced and constantly evolving defense against fraud.

What is the difference between a credit score and a fraud score? ›

Unlike credit scores, which rely on an individual's credit history, fraud scores consider multiple factors such as transaction type, amount, location, and the customer's history of fraud. A higher fraud score implies a greater likelihood of fraudulent activity.

What is a synthetic alert on credit report? ›

A synthetic alert means the information you've provided on a financial application doesn't match what's in your credit report. When you apply for credit, the bank will often pull your credit report and check its own database for information on you.

What is the fraud risk score on Fraudlabs pro? ›

A fraud risk threshold above which to prevent orders completing checkout must be set. This number is on a scale from 0 to 100, with 100 being very high fraud risk. The default value is 20.

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